In the end, to become the type of musician you hope to be you must learn to understand the conceptual side of music theory. This is not a subject that is easy to learn. Most theory is laid out in a way that is very dry and out of context to the way the different theories interact.
As you get better at music you begin to realize exactly how knowing specific theories apply to make you a better musician. This audio discusses the high points and mindset of the highly experienced musicians. Learn this information in the beginning and you will cut years off the time it takes to reach a higher level of understanding.